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Official State Soil: Pamunkey June 16th This is a photo of the layers that make up a Pamunkey soil profile. Pamunkey: Forest Soils. Layer 1: Soil surface rich in decaying plant matter. Layer 2: Seeping rain washes the reddish iron and clay out of this layer, leaving it pale. Layer 3: Layer is rich in reddish iron and clay. It accumulates minerals washed down from above. Layer 4: Lower layers are "parent" soil. They look similar to the whole soil profile when it first began to form.